Transaction Types
Transaction Types are a way of classifying transactions in Canopy.
Each transaction will be tagged directly to a Currency Account. For asset transactions, the currency of the underlying needs to match with the currency of the account used.
On this page, we'll explain and provide examples for each Transaction Type and corresponding Hash Tag.
This video, here, also helps to explain transaction types
Transaction Type | Amount Direction | Type of Underlying | What's happening to the Underlying (Action) | Description | Additional Information to be included (appended) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Money In | + | Cash | Inflow | Incoming cash transfers. This could be salary items or transfer of assets between accounts. This is treated like an external inflow and is excluded for performance calculations. | - |
Money Out | - | Cash | Outflow | Outgoing cash transfers. This could be discretionary spending or transfer of assets between accounts. This is treated like an external outflow and is excluded for performance calculations. | - |
MiscIncome | + | Cash | Income | Funds received as a result of investment activity. For eg, Interest on Current Account or refund of expenses. This is treated like an investment account related impact and is included for performance calculations. | {Optional} |
MiscExpense | - | Cash | Expense | Expenses as a result of investment activity. For eg, Fees (administrative, custodial, management or other) or taxes. This is treated like an investment account related impact and is included for performance calculations. | {Optional} |
Interest | - | Deposit, Cash | Interest | Interest on Deposits or Current Accounts. Some banks may merge this together with the redemption. We strive to split these items out for better analysis. This is included for performance calculations. | {Optional:#ticker} |
SpotFX In | + | FX Spot | FX Buy | Foreign currency transactions. Used when one currency account in the Account is debited and another currency account is credited. Incoming Cash FX Spot. For eg, Buy 10,000 SGD vs USD (for the SGD account). This is included for performance calculations. | - |
SpotFX Out | - | FX Spot | FX Sell | Foreign currency transactions. Used when one currency account in the Account is debited and another currency account is credited. Outgoing Cash FX Spot. For eg, Buy 10,000 SGD vs USD (for the USD account). This is included for performance calculations. | - |
Sale | + | Any Asset except Cash, Loan/Deposit | Sell | Sale of any type of security or investment. For eg, Equity, Derivatives or Bonds. This is included for performance calculations. | #ticker#quantity#price |
Purchase | - | Any Asset except Cash, Loan/Deposit | Buy | Purchase of any type of security or investment. For eg, Equity, Derivatives or Bonds. This is included for performance calculations. | #ticker#quantity#price |
Distribution | + | Any Asset except Cash, Loan/Deposit | Dividend/Coupon/Subscription | Payouts from existing investments, such as dividends or coupons or similar items. This is included for performance calculations and will be mapped to the underlying security. | #ticker |
Contribution | - | Any Asset except Cash, Loan/Deposit | Reversal dividend / Reversal coupon / Capital Call / Subscription | Payments made to the investment that are not Purchases. For eg, capital contributions to funds or capital calls for PE investments. This is included for performance calculations and will be mapped to the underlying security. | #ticker |
Loan Create | + | Loan | Drawdown. New loan | Loans are special assets that always have a market value of 100%. This is used when a loan is taken out and cash is provided into the current account. For eg, Open Loan, Rollover Loan | #ticker |
Loan Repay | - | Loan | Repayment | This is used when a loan is repaid and cash is removed from current account (redemption of loans). | #ticker |
Loan Cost | - | Loan | Interest | Interest on loans or current account. Some banks may merge this together with the redemption or rollover. We strive to split these items out for better analysis. | {Optional:#ticker} |
Deposit Create | - | Deposit | New deposit | Deposits are special assets that always have a market value of 100%. This is used when a deposit is placed and cash is taken out of the current account. For eg, new deposits. | #ticker |
Deposit Repay | + | Deposit | Redemption of deposit | This is used when a deposit is redeemed and cash returned to the current account (redemption of deposits). | #ticker |
Reinvestment | 0 | Any Asset except Cash | Dividend/Coupon Reinvestment | Practically this is a combination of Distribution + Purchase. Often used for mutual funds which reinvest the distribution amount and increase unit holdings. For eg, dividend/coupon reinvestment or dividends received in the form of shares. | #ticker#quantity |
TransferFOP In | 0 | Any Asset (except Cash, Loan/Deposit) | Delivery Free of Payment Security or asset transfers from another bank, account or custodian | Practically this is a combination of Money In + Purchase. Since a standard purchase reduces cash in the current account, this function allows easy transfer of assets without impacting cash. Used for:
The original purchase price can be provided (for profit calculations). If not provided, the latest available market price is used as reference. This is treated like an external inflow and is excluded for performance calculations. | #ticker#quantity#price/MKT |
TransferFOP Out | 0 | Any Asset (except Cash, Loan/Deposit) | Delivery Free of Payment Security or asset transfers to another bank, account or custodian | Practically this is a combination of Money Out + Sale. Since a standard Sale increases cash in the current account, this function allows easy transfer of assets (except cash, loan/deposit) without impacting cash. Used for transfer of assets (except cash, loan/deposit) between banks. Price can be provided (for profit calculations). If not provided, the latest available market price is used as reference. This is treated like an external outflow and is excluded for performance calculations. We will close the position as of the market price of that day. | #ticker#quantity#price/MKT |
TransferFOP Loan Create | 0 | Loan | Loan transfer into account (without cash impact) | Loan transfer into account without impacting cash. This is treated like an external outflow and is excluded for performance calculations. | #ticker#quantity |
TransferFOP Loan Repay | 0 | Loan | Loan transfer out of account (without cash impact) | Loan transfer out of account without impacting cash. This is treated like an external inflow and is excluded for performance calculations. | #ticker#quantity |
TransferFOP Deposit Create | 0 | Deposit | Deposit transfer into account (without cash impact) | Deposit transfer into account without impacting cash. This is treated like an external inflow and is excluded for performance calculations. | #ticker#quantity |
TransferFOP Deposit Repay | 0 | Deposit | Deposit transfer out of account (without cash impact) | Deposit transfer out of account without impacting cash. This is treated like an external outflow and is excluded for performance calculations. | #ticker#quantity |
Money In
This is meant for money flows that are not part of the portfolio returns. Funds coming in from external and will not be included in the profit calculation.
Effect: increases cash assets, does not impact performance and NAV.
Example: Wire Transfer from other Bank#Money In
Money Out
This is meant for money flows that are not part of the portfolio returns. Funds are flowing out and not into investments or fees and will not be included in the loss calculation.
Effect: reduces cash assets, does not impact performance and NAV.
Example: Wire Transfer to other Bank#Money Out
MiscIncome
This is meant for money flows that are part of the portfolio returns. While the funds are a result of the investment activity they may not always be directly attributed to a specific investment. This will be included in the profit calculation. This category can also be used for revisions of expenses.
The user is able to provide additional hash tag information for the purpose of classifying income and expenses deeper. There are not pre-set categories for this additional tagging.
Effect: increases cash assets, impacts performance and NAV.
Example: Security lending#MiscIncome; Refund of Custody Fee#MiscIncome
MiscExpense
This is meant for money flows that are part of the portfolio returns. While the funds are a result of the investment activity they may not always be directly attributed to a specific investment. This will be included in the profit calculation.
The user is able to provide additional hash tag information for the purpose of classifying income and expenses deeper. There are not pre-set categories for this additional tagging.
Effect: reduces cash assets, impacts performance and NAV.
Example: Management Fee#MiscExpense
Interest
This is meant for interest payments on deposits or current accounts. The contract reference itself is not required. The user is able to provide additional hash tag information with the ticker of the relevant deposit for the purpose of identifying the exact deposit for which the amount was relevant in case such tracking is desired.
Effect: increases cash, no impact on outstanding Deposit notional per deposit contract, impacts performance and NAV
Example: Interest on Deposit Ref: 12345#Deposit Interest#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_12345
SpotFX In
This is meant for money flows that are attributable to FX transactions. Funds are coming in from another account which can be in the same banking relationship. This will actually be treated like a ‘Money In’ transaction, the tag provides more clarity in breaking down the transactions.
Effect: increases cash assets, does not impact performance and NAV.
Example (for the SGD account): BUY 10’000 SGD vs USD#SpotFX In
SpotFX Out
This is meant for money flows that are attributable to FX transactions. Funds are going out to another account which can be in the same banking relationship. This will actually be treated like a ‘Money Out’ transaction, the tag provides more clarity in breaking down the transactions.
Effect: reduces cash assets, does not impact performance and NAV.
Example (for the USD account): BUY 10’000 SGD vs USD#SpotFX Out
Sale
This is meant for security or asset sales. The security will be identified by the Canopy ticker. There is no limitation on the type of assets here; listed or unlisted assets will be treated identical.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,
- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and
- the purchase price used, before any fees or expenses; for Bonds, the clean price used.
Effect: increases cash, reduces unit holdings per security
Example: Sale of 1000 Starhub Shares @ 3.5#Sale#STH_SP#-1000#3.5
*note that the Quantity here should be a negative number
Purchase
This is meant for security or asset purchases. The security will be identified by the Canopy ticker. There is no limitation on the type of assets here; listed or unlisted assets will be treated identical.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,
- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and
- the purchase price used, before any fees or expenses; for Bonds, the clean price used.
Effect: reduces cash, increases unit holdings per security, sets the reference for performance or NAV for this security.
Example: Purchase of 1000 Starhub Shares @ 3.5#Purchase#STH_SP#1000#3.5
Distribution
This is meant for pay-outs from existing investments, like coupons or dividend, or Subscription (positive settlement amount).
Canopy allows distribution to be received in a different currency account from the security’s reference currency.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,
Effect: increases cash, no change in unit holdings per security, impacts performance and NAV
Example: Coupon payment for Starhub 3.08 2022 bonds#Distribution#SG6W34985252
Contribution
This is meant for pay-outs to existing investments, like capital calls for private equity investments, or Subscription (negative settlement amount).
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,
Effect: reduces cash, no change in unit holdings per security, impacts performance and NAV
Example: Capital Call for Private Equity Fund#Contribution#PE_FUND_CAYMAN_CLASSA_2012
Loan Create
This is meant for new loans. Canopy is tracking outstanding loan balances and interest payments.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.
Effect: increases cash, increases outstanding notional per loan contract
Example: New Term Loan USD Ref: 6789#Loan Create#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_6789
Loan Repay
This is meant for redemption of loans. Canopy is tracking outstanding loan balances and interest payments.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.
Effect: reduces cash, reduces outstanding notional per loan contract
Example: Redemption Term Loan USD Ref: 6789#Loan Repay#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_6789
Loan Cost
This is meant for interest payments on loans or current account.
The contract reference itself is not required. The user is required to provide additional hash tag information with the ticker of the relevant Loan for the purpose of identifying the exact loan for which this amount was relevant.
Effect: reduces cash, no impact on outstanding loan notional per loan contract, impacts performance and NAV
Example: Interest on Loan Ref: 6789#Loan Cost#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_6789
Deposit Create
This is meant for new deposits. Canopy is tracking outstanding deposit balances and interest payments.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.
Effect: reduces cash, increases outstanding notional per deposit contract
Example: New Term Deposit USD Ref: 12345#Deposit Create#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_12345
Deposit Repay
This is meant for redemption of deposits. Canopy is tracking outstanding deposit balances and interest payments.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.
Effect: increases cash, reduces outstanding notional per deposit contract
Example: Redemption Deposit Ref: 12345#Deposit Repay#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_12345
Reinvestment
Reinvestment is using dividends, interest and capital gains earned in an investment or mutual fund to purchase additional shares or units, rather than receiving payout in cash. This is meant for situations where the bank or the asset manager provides for automatic reinvestment of dividend or other pay-outs. This item is usually not found in the cash statement and actually a combination of a) Distribution and b) Purchase.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,
- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and
Effect: no impact on cash, increases unit holdings per security, impacts performance and NAV
Example: Dividend Reinvestment for Global Equity Cumulative Class#Reinvestment#GL_EQ_CUM#50
What does TransferFOP mean?
TransferFOP stands for Transfer Free of Payment.
For the first month's statement upload, holdings are transferred into your Canopy account to set a starting point upon which transactions can be added/subtracted to.
TransferFOP tags are used to represent this initial move, without affecting cash balances. TransferFOP is also used when moving assets from one custodian to another when there is no cash involved.
TransferFOP In
This is meant for security or asset transfers from another bank, account or custodian where no cash payment is being made. The security will be identified by the Canopy ticker. There is no limitation on the type of assets here; listed or unlisted assets will be treated identical.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,
- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and
- the purchase price used: can be MKT for current market price or the original purchase price if available; for Bonds the clean price used.
Effect: no impact on cash, increases unit holdings per security, sets the reference for performance or NAV for this security.
Example: Custodial Transfer 500 Starhub Shares#TransferFOP In# STH_SP#500#MKT
TransferFOP Out
This is meant for security or asset transfers to another bank, account or custodian where no cash payment is being made. The security will be identified by the Canopy ticker. There is no limitation on the type of assets here; listed or unlisted assets will be treated identical.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,
- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and
- the purchase price used: can be MKT for current market price or the original purchase price if available; for Bonds the clean price used.
Effect: no impact on cash, reduces unit holdings per security
Example: Custodial Transfer 500 Starhub Shares#TransferFOP Out# STH_SP#-500#MKT
*note that the quantity here should be a negative number
TransferFOP Loan Create
This is used when a loan is transferred into account without impacting cash.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.
Effect: no impact on cash, increases outstanding notional per loan contract
Example: Transfer of New Term Loan USD Ref: 9876#TransferFOP Loan Create#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_9876
TransferFOP Loan Repay
This is used when a loan is transferred out of account without impacting cash.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.
Effect: no impact on cash, reduces outstanding notional per loan contract
Example: Term Loan Repayment Transfer USD Ref: 9876#Loan Repay#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_9876
TransferFOP Deposit Create
This is used when a deposit is transferred into account without impacting cash.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.
Effect: no impact on cash, but increases outstanding notional per deposit contract
Example: Transfer of New Term Deposit USD Ref: 54321#TransferFOP Deposit Create#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_54321
TransferFOP Deposit Repay
This is used when a deposit is transferred out of account without impacting cash.
This category requires additional information, specifically:
- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site.
Effect: no impact on cash, but reduces outstanding notional per deposit contract
Example: Deposit Repayment Transfer USD Ref: 54321#TransferFOP Deposit Repay#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_54321