Transaction Types

Transaction Types are a way of classifying transactions in Canopy.

Each transaction will be tagged directly to a Currency Account. For asset transactions, the currency of the underlying needs to match with the currency of the account used.

On this page, we'll explain and provide examples for each Transaction Type and corresponding Hash Tag.

This video, here, also helps to explain transaction types

Transaction Type	Amount Direction	Type of Underlying	What's happening to the Underlying (Action)	Description	Additional Information to be included (appended)
Money In	+	Cash	Inflow	Incoming cash transfers. This could be salary items or transfer of assets between accounts. This is treated like an external inflow and is excluded for performance calculations.	-
Money Out	-	Cash	Outflow	Outgoing cash transfers. This could be discretionary spending or transfer of assets between accounts. This is treated like an external outflow and is excluded for performance calculations.	-
MiscIncome	+	Cash	Income	Funds received as a result of investment activity. For eg, Interest on Current Account or refund of expenses. This is treated like an investment account related impact and is included for performance calculations.	{Optional}
MiscExpense	-	Cash	Expense	Expenses as a result of investment activity. For eg, Fees (administrative, custodial, management or other) or taxes. This is treated like an investment account related impact and is included for performance calculations.	{Optional}
Interest	-	Deposit, Cash	Interest	Interest on Deposits or Current Accounts. Some banks may merge this together with the redemption. We strive to split these items out for better analysis. This is included for performance calculations.	{Optional:#ticker}
SpotFX In	+	FX Spot	FX Buy	Foreign currency transactions. Used when one currency account in the Account is debited and another currency account is credited. Incoming Cash FX Spot. For eg, Buy 10,000 SGD vs USD (for the SGD account). This is included for performance calculations.	-
SpotFX Out	-	FX Spot	FX Sell	Foreign currency transactions. Used when one currency account in the Account is debited and another currency account is credited. Outgoing Cash FX Spot. For eg, Buy 10,000 SGD vs USD (for the USD account). This is included for performance calculations.	-
Sale	+	Any Asset except Cash, Loan/Deposit	Sell	Sale of any type of security or investment. For eg, Equity, Derivatives or Bonds. This is included for performance calculations.	#ticker#quantity#price
Purchase	-	Any Asset except Cash, Loan/Deposit	Buy	Purchase of any type of security or investment. For eg, Equity, Derivatives or Bonds. This is included for performance calculations.	#ticker#quantity#price
Distribution	+	Any Asset except Cash, Loan/Deposit	Dividend/Coupon/Subscription	Payouts from existing investments, such as dividends or coupons or similar items. This is included for performance calculations and will be mapped to the underlying security.	#ticker
Contribution	-	Any Asset except Cash, Loan/Deposit	Reversal dividend / Reversal coupon / Capital Call / Subscription	Payments made to the investment that are not Purchases. For eg, capital contributions to funds or capital calls for PE investments. This is included for performance calculations and will be mapped to the underlying security.	#ticker
Loan Create	+	Loan	Drawdown. New loan	Loans are special assets that always have a market value of 100%. This is used when a loan is taken out and cash is provided into the current account. For eg, Open Loan, Rollover Loan	#ticker
Loan Repay	-	Loan	Repayment	This is used when a loan is repaid and cash is removed from current account (redemption of loans).	#ticker
Loan Cost	-	Loan	Interest	Interest on loans or current account. Some banks may merge this together with the redemption or rollover. We strive to split these items out for better analysis.	{Optional:#ticker}
Deposit Create	-	Deposit	New deposit	Deposits are special assets that always have a market value of 100%. This is used when a deposit is placed and cash is taken out of the current account. For eg, new deposits.	#ticker
Deposit Repay	+	Deposit	Redemption of deposit	This is used when a deposit is redeemed and cash returned to the current account (redemption of deposits).	#ticker
Reinvestment	0	Any Asset except Cash	Dividend/Coupon Reinvestment	Practically this is a combination of Distribution + Purchase. Often used for mutual funds which reinvest the distribution amount and increase unit holdings. For eg, dividend/coupon reinvestment or dividends received in the form of shares.	#ticker#quantity
TransferFOP In	0	Any Asset (except Cash, Loan/Deposit)	Delivery Free of Payment Security or asset transfers from another bank, account or custodian	Practically this is a combination of Money In + Purchase. Since a standard purchase reduces cash in the current account, this function allows easy transfer of assets without impacting cash. Used for: new account setup, when the assets already exist transfer of assets (except cash, loan/deposit) between banks. The original purchase price can be provided (for profit calculations). If not provided, the latest available market price is used as reference. This is treated like an external inflow and is excluded for performance calculations.	#ticker#quantity#price/MKT
TransferFOP Out	0	Any Asset (except Cash, Loan/Deposit)	Delivery Free of Payment Security or asset transfers to another bank, account or custodian	Practically this is a combination of Money Out + Sale. Since a standard Sale increases cash in the current account, this function allows easy transfer of assets (except cash, loan/deposit) without impacting cash. Used for transfer of assets (except cash, loan/deposit) between banks. Price can be provided (for profit calculations). If not provided, the latest available market price is used as reference. This is treated like an external outflow and is excluded for performance calculations. We will close the position as of the market price of that day.	#ticker#quantity#price/MKT
TransferFOP Loan Create	0	Loan	Loan transfer into account (without cash impact)	Loan transfer into account without impacting cash. This is treated like an external outflow and is excluded for performance calculations.	#ticker#quantity
TransferFOP Loan Repay	0	Loan	Loan transfer out of account (without cash impact)	Loan transfer out of account without impacting cash. This is treated like an external inflow and is excluded for performance calculations.	#ticker#quantity
TransferFOP Deposit Create	0	Deposit	Deposit transfer into account (without cash impact)	Deposit transfer into account without impacting cash. This is treated like an external inflow and is excluded for performance calculations.	#ticker#quantity
TransferFOP Deposit Repay	0	Deposit	Deposit transfer out of account (without cash impact)	Deposit transfer out of account without impacting cash. This is treated like an external outflow and is excluded for performance calculations.	#ticker#quantity

Money In

This is meant for money flows that are not part of the portfolio returns. Funds coming in from external and will not be included in the profit calculation.

Effect: increases cash assets, does not impact performance and NAV.

Example: Wire Transfer from other Bank#Money In

Money Out

This is meant for money flows that are not part of the portfolio returns. Funds are flowing out and not into investments or fees and will not be included in the loss calculation.

Effect: reduces cash assets, does not impact performance and NAV.

Example: Wire Transfer to other Bank#Money Out

MiscIncome

This is meant for money flows that are part of the portfolio returns. While the funds are a result of the investment activity they may not always be directly attributed to a specific investment. This will be included in the profit calculation. This category can also be used for revisions of expenses.

The user is able to provide additional hash tag information for the purpose of classifying income and expenses deeper. There are not pre-set categories for this additional tagging.

Effect: increases cash assets, impacts performance and NAV.

Example: Security lending#MiscIncome; Refund of Custody Fee#MiscIncome

MiscExpense

This is meant for money flows that are part of the portfolio returns. While the funds are a result of the investment activity they may not always be directly attributed to a specific investment. This will be included in the profit calculation.

The user is able to provide additional hash tag information for the purpose of classifying income and expenses deeper. There are not pre-set categories for this additional tagging.

Effect: reduces cash assets, impacts performance and NAV.

Example: Management Fee#MiscExpense

Interest

This is meant for interest payments on deposits or current accounts. The contract reference itself is not required. The user is able to provide additional hash tag information with the ticker of the relevant deposit for the purpose of identifying the exact deposit for which the amount was relevant in case such tracking is desired.

Effect: increases cash, no impact on outstanding Deposit notional per deposit contract, impacts performance and NAV

Example: Interest on Deposit Ref: 12345#Deposit Interest#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_12345

SpotFX In

This is meant for money flows that are attributable to FX transactions. Funds are coming in from another account which can be in the same banking relationship. This will actually be treated like a ‘Money In’ transaction, the tag provides more clarity in breaking down the transactions.

Effect: increases cash assets, does not impact performance and NAV.

Example (for the SGD account): BUY 10’000 SGD vs USD#SpotFX In

SpotFX Out

This is meant for money flows that are attributable to FX transactions. Funds are going out to another account which can be in the same banking relationship. This will actually be treated like a ‘Money Out’ transaction, the tag provides more clarity in breaking down the transactions.

Effect: reduces cash assets, does not impact performance and NAV.

Example (for the USD account): BUY 10’000 SGD vs USD#SpotFX Out

Sale

This is meant for security or asset sales. The security will be identified by the Canopy ticker. There is no limitation on the type of assets here; listed or unlisted assets will be treated identical.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,

- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and

- the purchase price used, before any fees or expenses; for Bonds, the clean price used.

Effect: increases cash, reduces unit holdings per security

Example: Sale of 1000 Starhub Shares @ 3.5#Sale#STH_SP#-1000#3.5

*note that the Quantity here should be a negative number

Purchase

This is meant for security or asset purchases. The security will be identified by the Canopy ticker. There is no limitation on the type of assets here; listed or unlisted assets will be treated identical.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,

- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and

- the purchase price used, before any fees or expenses; for Bonds, the clean price used.

Effect: reduces cash, increases unit holdings per security, sets the reference for performance or NAV for this security.

Example: Purchase of 1000 Starhub Shares @ 3.5#Purchase#STH_SP#1000#3.5

Distribution

This is meant for pay-outs from existing investments, like coupons or dividend, or Subscription (positive settlement amount).

Canopy allows distribution to be received in a different currency account from the security’s reference currency.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,

Effect: increases cash, no change in unit holdings per security, impacts performance and NAV

Example: Coupon payment for Starhub 3.08 2022 bonds#Distribution#SG6W34985252

Contribution

This is meant for pay-outs to existing investments, like capital calls for private equity investments, or Subscription (negative settlement amount).

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,

Effect: reduces cash, no change in unit holdings per security, impacts performance and NAV

Example: Capital Call for Private Equity Fund#Contribution#PE_FUND_CAYMAN_CLASSA_2012

Loan Create

This is meant for new loans. Canopy is tracking outstanding loan balances and interest payments.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.

Effect: increases cash, increases outstanding notional per loan contract

Example: New Term Loan USD Ref: 6789#Loan Create#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_6789

Loan Repay

This is meant for redemption of loans. Canopy is tracking outstanding loan balances and interest payments.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.

Effect: reduces cash, reduces outstanding notional per loan contract

Example: Redemption Term Loan USD Ref: 6789#Loan Repay#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_6789

Loan Cost

This is meant for interest payments on loans or current account.

The contract reference itself is not required. The user is required to provide additional hash tag information with the ticker of the relevant Loan for the purpose of identifying the exact loan for which this amount was relevant.

Effect: reduces cash, no impact on outstanding loan notional per loan contract, impacts performance and NAV

Example: Interest on Loan Ref: 6789#Loan Cost#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_6789

Deposit Create

This is meant for new deposits. Canopy is tracking outstanding deposit balances and interest payments.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.

Effect: reduces cash, increases outstanding notional per deposit contract

Example: New Term Deposit USD Ref: 12345#Deposit Create#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_12345

Deposit Repay

This is meant for redemption of deposits. Canopy is tracking outstanding deposit balances and interest payments.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.

Effect: increases cash, reduces outstanding notional per deposit contract

Example: Redemption Deposit Ref: 12345#Deposit Repay#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_12345

Reinvestment

Reinvestment is using dividends, interest and capital gains earned in an investment or mutual fund to purchase additional shares or units, rather than receiving payout in cash. This is meant for situations where the bank or the asset manager provides for automatic reinvestment of dividend or other pay-outs. This item is usually not found in the cash statement and actually a combination of a) Distribution and b) Purchase.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,

- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and

Effect: no impact on cash, increases unit holdings per security, impacts performance and NAV

Example: Dividend Reinvestment for Global Equity Cumulative Class#Reinvestment#GL_EQ_CUM#50

What does TransferFOP mean?

TransferFOP stands for Transfer Free of Payment.

For the first month's statement upload, holdings are transferred into your Canopy account to set a starting point upon which transactions can be added/subtracted to.

TransferFOP tags are used to represent this initial move, without affecting cash balances. TransferFOP is also used when moving assets from one custodian to another when there is no cash involved.

TransferFOP In

This is meant for security or asset transfers from another bank, account or custodian where no cash payment is being made. The security will be identified by the Canopy ticker. There is no limitation on the type of assets here; listed or unlisted assets will be treated identical.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,

- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and

- the purchase price used: can be MKT for current market price or the original purchase price if available; for Bonds the clean price used.

Effect: no impact on cash, increases unit holdings per security, sets the reference for performance or NAV for this security.

Example: Custodial Transfer 500 Starhub Shares#TransferFOP In# STH_SP#500#MKT

TransferFOP Out

This is meant for security or asset transfers to another bank, account or custodian where no cash payment is being made. The security will be identified by the Canopy ticker. There is no limitation on the type of assets here; listed or unlisted assets will be treated identical.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site,

- the quantity of purchase expressed in units or in nominal amount for bonds and

- the purchase price used: can be MKT for current market price or the original purchase price if available; for Bonds the clean price used.

Effect: no impact on cash, reduces unit holdings per security

Example: Custodial Transfer 500 Starhub Shares#TransferFOP Out# STH_SP#-500#MKT

*note that the quantity here should be a negative number

TransferFOP Loan Create

This is used when a loan is transferred into account without impacting cash.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.

Effect: no impact on cash, increases outstanding notional per loan contract

Example: Transfer of New Term Loan USD Ref: 9876#TransferFOP Loan Create#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_9876

TransferFOP Loan Repay

This is used when a loan is transferred out of account without impacting cash.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.

Effect: no impact on cash, reduces outstanding notional per loan contract

Example: Term Loan Repayment Transfer USD Ref: 9876#Loan Repay#LoanRef_demoacct_usd01_9876

TransferFOP Deposit Create

This is used when a deposit is transferred into account without impacting cash.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site or newly provided.

Effect: no impact on cash, but increases outstanding notional per deposit contract

Example: Transfer of New Term Deposit USD Ref: 54321#TransferFOP Deposit Create#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_54321

TransferFOP Deposit Repay

This is used when a deposit is transferred out of account without impacting cash.

This category requires additional information, specifically:

- the ticker as per Canopy which can be found with the search functionality on the site.

Effect: no impact on cash, but reduces outstanding notional per deposit contract

Example: Deposit Repayment Transfer USD Ref: 54321#TransferFOP Deposit Repay#DepositRef_demoacct_usd01_54321